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Kalixtus
Cardinal
Inscrit le: 24 Fév 2013
Messages: 13713
Localisation: Roma, Palazzo Doria-Pamphilj
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 Posté le: Mar Aoû 27, 2024 10:53 pm Sujet du message: |
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Hagiography of Saint Cuthbert
634 - 686
The Life and Miracles of Saint Cuthbert
Background
Born on March 7th 619, given the name Cuthbertus MacLachlan at that time in the village of Kirkcudbright. Kircudbright was at this time a sea harbor town with direct access to the Firth of Dee. This Hagiography describes the life or journey of Cuthbertus MacLachlan whose actions left a mark on Faith in Scotland, an inspiration to many. On March 26th 681, a little over 3 weeks after his 62nd birthday he passed away in his home in Kirkcudbright, surrounded by his friends and faithful villagers.
Early Life
Cuthbert, born in the 7th century, entered the world in the quaint town of Kirkcudbright. His birth is said to have occurred on the 7th of March, a day that would later be commemorated as a significant milestone in the life of this Scottish man. He was the second son of a humble family of farmers, the MacLachlan clan, known for their steadfast dedication to the land and their deep-rooted ties to the local community. Growing up in Kirkcudbright you could grow up to become a farmer or a fisherman, Cuthbert's childhood was filled with the simple joys of rural life. He spent his days exploring the lush countryside, his inquisitive nature leading him to uncover the hidden wonders of nature and the mysteries of the world around him. Amidst the idyllic backdrop of his upbringing, Cuthbert's youthful years were marked by a natural curiosity and a compassionate heart. It was during this time that he first came into contact with the Church in the parish of Kirkcudbright. A Deacon named Ealdred, known for his wisdom and devotion, became a source of inspiration for the young Cuthbert. Under Ealdred's guidance, Cuthbert's spiritual journey began to unfold, laying the foundation for his future dedication to a life of faith. These early encounters with the Church and the nurturing influence of Deacon Ealdred set the stage for the unfolding saga of Cuthbert's remarkable life. The seeds of piety and devotion sown during his upbringing would soon blossom into a legacy that would leave an indelible mark on the annals of Scottish Aristotelianism.
Call to Faith
At the age of 15, in the year 634, Cuthbert's journey of faith took a significant turn. Ealdred, recognizing the depth of Cuthbert's piety and the stirring of his soul, nurtured the young boy's burgeoning faith with care and compassion. He taught Cuthbert the sacred scriptures, instilling within him the virtues of humility, friendship, and faith to God. Deacon Ealdred sought and received permission from Cuthbert's parents to take him to the seminary in Rome, where he would commence his education. The journey from Kirkcudbright to Rome was an odyssey of discovery, filled with both physical and spiritual challenges. Traveling through the picturesque landscapes of England, Cuthbert and Ealdred encountered various communities, fostering bonds with fellow pilgrims and sharing the teachings of the Prophets Aristotle and Christos along the way. The crossing of the Dover Strait became a metaphorical threshold, symbolizing the transformative passage from Cuthbert's familiar homeland to the wider world of theological learning.
Upon arriving in Rome, Cuthbert immersed himself in the vibrant atmosphere of the seminary. One of his most influential teachers was the esteemed Italian Bishop Alessandro, known for his deep theological insights. Under Bishop Alessandro's guidance, Cuthbert delved into the intricacies of theology, philosophy, and scripture, absorbing the rich tapestry of knowledge that would later define his own teachings. Cuthbert's education in Rome was marked not only by intellectual growth but also by a profound spiritual maturation. His unwavering commitment to learning and his innate piety impressed both teachers and fellow students alike. Some Cardinals in Rome, recognizing the young and promising student, took note of Cuthbert's potential for future leadership within the Church. After years of diligent study and reflection, Cuthbert concluded his education in theology with a masterful understanding of The Dogma and the Canon Law. The journey back to Scotland became a triumphant return, as Cuthbert carried the wisdom and teachings acquired in Rome back to his homeland. His reputation as a learned theologian and devoted servant of God continued to grow, setting the stage for his future endeavors as a beacon of wisdom and faith in Scotland.
Monastic Life
At the age of 23, with the wisdom gained from his theological studies in Rome, Cuthbert, accompanied by his mentor Deacon Ealdred, made a profound entrance into monastic life by joining the serene enclave of the Benedictine Monastery of Kirkcudbright. The monastic walls provided a sacred canvas for Cuthbert to weave his theological insights into the fabric of daily prayer and contemplation. With the assistance of Deacon Ealdred, Cuthbert's influence within the monastery grew. His insightful teachings and exemplary devotion earned him the respect of both fellow monks and the esteemed Scottish bishop overseeing the Benedictine Monastery of Kirkcudbright. Within a short span of time, recognizing Cuthbert's remarkable qualities and deep spiritual insight, Bishop Aidan, the prelate of Saint Ninian's Cathedral, ordained him as a priest in a solemn ceremony held within the hallowed walls of the cathedral.
The ordination at Saint Ninian's Cathedral, attended by clergy and faithful alike, resonated with the sacred traditions of the Scottish Church. Bishop Aidan, known for his wisdom and benevolence, laid his hands upon Cuthbert, consecrating him to the priesthood and entrusting him with the divine responsibilities of guiding the faithful. After this ordination Cuthbert would walk every Sunday to the nearby Church of Kirckudbright to hold mass there. This was the way that he would never forget his hometown for what the people there did for him. On this journey he always walk with his staff in his hand, because the road was rocky. He would hold this mass throughout his life, even after his retirement for active service.
Tragedy struck the peaceful community when, within five years of Cuthbert's return, Deacon Ealdred, who started out as his inspirtion, then became his mentor and guide and after Cuthbert became priest remained at his side as his brother and companion, passed away. In the wake of Ealdred's departure, Cuthbert, now ordained by Bishop Aidan, assumed the role of ad interim head of the Monastery. His title, now elevated to Prior, reflected not only his academic prowess but also his commitment to preserving the sanctity and traditions of Kirkcudbright. As Prior, Cuthbert continued the spiritual legacy of his mentor, fostering an atmosphere of learning, devotion, and compassion within the monastery. The passing of Ealdred marked a solemn moment, but under Cuthbert's leadership, the Benedictine Monastery of Kirkcudbright flourished as a beacon of enlightenment and spiritual solace in medieval Scotland.
Missionary Work
Emboldened by his ordination and inspired by a divine calling, Cuthbert, now Prior of the Benedictine Kirkcudbright Monastery, received a sacred mission from the Cardinals in Rome: "to embark on a journey as a missionary in Scotland". His task was to spread the Aristotelian faith among those who still clung to the old ways, including the Picts and the Druids. So he picked up his staff, took some provisions and started his journey.
In one fateful encounter, Cuthbert found himself in a dense forest where the whispers of ancient rituals and the shadows of Druidic practices lingered. Among the towering trees, he encountered the highly respected Druid Lirion, cloaked in the mystique of the old traditions. Lirion had the reputation of being the most gifted Druid in Scotland at that time. When he spoke, the other Druids listened and in case of a dispute they turned to Lirion for advise. As their eyes met, Cuthbert sensed an unsettling presence – the unmistakable grip of the Nameless One, a malevolent force that sought to resist the encroaching light of Aristotelianism. With steadfast determination, Cuthbert engaged the Druid in conversation, seeking to understand the roots of his devotion to the ancient ways. As the dialogue unfolded, it became clear that the Nameless One held a sinister sway over the Druid's spirit. Cuthbert, guided by the divine grace within him, recognized the signs of possession. These signs where taught to Cuthbert while studying in Rome. Signs like speaking in unknown language, and the ability to see hidden things in the world around the Druid. That together with the relentless teasing that Lirion did during these conversations the two men had. It was very clear to Cuthbert, this man lead a sinful life, and had no control over the things he was doing. In a moment of divine intervention, Cuthbert, invoking the power of prayer while holding the wooden staff he always carried means of protection and confronted the Nameless One. A spiritual battle ensued, with Cuthbert's unwavering faith pitted against the malevolent force that had gripped the Druid's soul. The air crackled with energy as Cuthbert chanted sacred verses and called upon the divine protection bestowed upon him through his mission. In a crescendo of divine power, the Nameless One was expelled, leaving the Druid freed from the shadows that had ensnared him. The forest, once cloaked in an eerie stillness, now resonated with a newfound sense of peace. Lirion, now liberated from the dark forces that had held him captive, knelt before Cuthbert, recognizing the transformative power of the Universal and Roman-Aristotelian faith.
News of Cuthbert's encounter with the Druid and his triumphant deliverance from the Nameless One spread like wildfire, kindling the flames of belief among those who still clung to the ancient ways. Cuthbert, strengthened by this miraculous event, continued his missionary work with renewed vigor, dispelling darkness and ushering in the light of Aristotelianism to the farthest reaches of Scotland. Cuthbert's work as a missionary in the Highlands of Scotland lasted about seven years. In that time he encountered many people living the way of the druids and his was able to convert entire villages to the Church. Leaving behind baptised believers and in some cases even convinced people to walk the path of the Church and become deacons and even priests.
Miracles
The endless Fish Stew during a time of Famine
Long ago, in time when Deacon Ealdred was still alive and Cuthbert was still young the winter was harsher than ever. And to make things worse during early in the summer a plague of Cockchafer ate through the harvest, leaving less than ever before. This resulted in a scarcity of wheat, corn and grain. The fishermen of the village were unable to fill in the demand of extra fish. In the midst of this severe famine that gripped the Scottish village Kirkcudbright, Cuthbert responded with divine compassion. A group of hungry villagers, facing the brink of despair, gathered at the Church of Kirkcudbright, seeking sustenance. With the limited resoures that were available, Cuthbert himself made a fish stew from the remaining fish, the broth some left over potattos, onions and made to taste with herbs and spices. As Cuthbert began serving the fish stew to those present in the church, everyone looked in amazement at the large pan that was full. No matter how much stew Cuthbert handed out to those in the church, the pan remained full. As if the first scoop had yet to be taken out. That's how the people of Kirkcudbright survived those days of scarcity in the famine winter until the fishermen could get back out to sea to catch fish and the ships from Ireland arrived with grain.
Witnesses, including the venerable Deacon Ealdred, marveled as the meager provisions multiplied before their eyes, miraculously providing enough nourishment to satiate the entire community. Ealdred, known for his wisdom and understanding of the hardships faced by the villagers, bore witness to this extraordinary act of divine provision. The endless Fish Stew during a time of Famine became a symbol of hope during times of scarcity, solidifying Cuthbert's reputation as a compassionate conduit of divine abundance.
The Calming of a Furious Storm
Much later in time, when Cuthbert was running the Monastery of Kirkcudbright, there was a horrific storm at sea. The storm was so severe that the water overflowed from the river Dee into the streets of Kirkcudbright. Amidst a perilous sea voyage along the Scottish coast, a group of fishermen and sailors found themselves at the mercy of a ferocious storm. Waves crashed against their vessel, threatening to engulf it in the tempest's wrath. With their ship they managed to arrive at the firth in which the river Dee flows into, closing in on the harbor of Kirkcudbright. Desperate and fearing for their lives, the crew called upon Cuthbert for divine intervention. As the storm intensified, Cuthbert, at the Benedictine Monastery of Kirkcudbright, entered into a deep state of prayer.
Witnesses, including Bishop Aidan whom was at Withorn at that moment and even there the storm was wild, recount the miraculous moment when the tumultuous seas, whipped into a frenzy, inexplicably calmed. The roaring winds hushed, and the raging waves subsided, as if an unseen hand had stilled the tempest. The ship and it's crew were amazed by this miraculous disappeareance of the storm. The ship navigated the firth toward Kirkcudbright as if there was not a cloud in the sky and a breeze brought them towards the harbor. Bishop Aidan, a seasoned observer of the forces of nature, declared it a divine act and a testament to the intercession of Cuthbert. The story of the miraculous calming of the storm spread throughout the coastal communities, instilling faith in the protective power of this remarcable man, clearly gifted by God.
Death and Legacy
In the twilight of Cuthbert's earthly journey, the venerable monk found solace within the walls of Benedictine Monastery at Kirkcudbright. As the years of prayer, contemplation, and devoted ministry took their toll on his health, Cuthbert peacefully departed from this world on the 26th of March, at the age of 62, leaving behind a legacy that transcended his mortal existence.
His final moments were embraced by the familiar surroundings of his parish home near the Kirkcudbright church, where the echoes of his humble beginnings resonated. Mournful villagers, clergy members, and those who had witnessed his miracles gathered to bid farewell to the beloved saint. Bishop Aidan, who had witnessed Cuthbert's divine calling and miracles, presided over the funeral rites, offering prayers for the soul of the departed monk. Cuthbert's impact on the local community was profound and enduring. The miracles he performed, from calming storms to multiplying provisions, became legendary tales passed down through generations. The once-skeptical Picts and Druids, touched by his compassion and miracles, embraced the Aristotelian faith, marking a transformative shift in the spiritual landscape of medieval Scotland. The Benedictine Monastery of Kirkcudbright, where Cuthbert had served as Prior, became a pilgrimage site, drawing the faithful seeking solace, guidance, and the echoes of the old man's divine wisdom. His teachings, recorded by his fellow monks, formed the foundation of a spiritual legacy that continued to shape the beliefs and practices of the Scottish Church. Cuthbert's relics, carefully preserved by the monastery, became objects of veneration, believed to carry the sanctity and divine grace he embodied in life. Pilgrims from far and wide sought the intercession of Cuthbert, praying at his shrine for healing, protection, and spiritual guidance.
The enduring legacy of Cuthbert extended beyond his mortal years, influencing not only the spiritual landscape of Scotland but also leaving an indelible mark on the hearts of those who revered him. The monastery he once led continued to thrive as a center of learning and devotion, a living testament to the enduring impact of a humble monk who had become a beacon of faith and miracles in medieval Scotland.
Relic - The Cuthbertian Staff
A carefully preserved wooden staff that Cuthbert used during his missionary travels and pastoral duties. It symbolizes his journey as a humble monk, his dedication to spreading the Aristotelian faith, and his role as a shepherd guiding his flock. The staff is believed to carry the essence of Cuthbert's spiritual strength and divine connection, acting as a tangible link between Cuthbert and those seeking his intercession. It was even used by Cuthbert to protect himself from the Nameless One. Pilgrims and faithful alike would travel to the Monastery of Kirkcudbright to venerate the Cuthbertian Staff, believing that it held the sanctity of Cutberth and could provide comfort, healing, and protection. Touching the staff during prayer or seeking its presence was thought to invoke Cuthbert's divine intercession, making it a cherished relic that continued to inspire faith and devotion for generations. When the Benedictine Monastery of Kirkcudbright ceased to exist in later centuries the staff was on display in the Parish Church of Kirkcudbright until it was transfered to Twynholm in recent years.
Celebration day
The day that we celebrate this Saint is on his date of birth, March 7th.
Patronage
Saint Cuthbert is Patron Saint of Kirkcudbright.
Testimony of Deacon Ealdred
In the annals of our shared journey, I, Ealdred, humbly pen my testimony about the early life of Cuthbert, a tale intertwined with the miraculous workings of divine grace.
Cuthbert, born unto the embrace of Kirkcudbright, traversed the winding roads of his youth with an earnest heart. It was in those formative years, amidst the rolling hills and whispering winds, that I, as a deacon, bore witness to the budding spiritual fervor within him. His footsteps first trod upon the sacred ground of the Church in the parish of Kirkcudbright. As the deacon entrusted with guiding young souls, it became evident that Cuthbert was touched by a unique divine calling. His eyes reflected a flame of curiosity, and his heart, attuned to the whispers of the sacred, yearned for a deeper communion with the Almighty. At the age of 15, in the year 634, Cuthbert's path veered beyond the Scottish horizon. With the blessing of his parents, he embarked on a pilgrimage to the seminary in Rome. It was during this transformative journey that the seeds of his spiritual education were sown, nurtured by the wisdom of Italian Bishop Alessandro. Upon his return, Cuthbert, now an ordained priest under the sacred hands of Bishop Aidan, embarked on a mission to illuminate the shadowed corners of our beloved Scotland with the light of Aristotelianism. Were I started as his Mentor, this student outgrew me as the years progressed. But I always stayed with him as his brother and companion, after he surpassed me in hierarchy. As the years progressed, Cuthbert stood firm, unwavering in his devotion to the faith.
One particular event etched in the annals of my memory is the day when Cuthbert was confronted by a group of hungry villagers in Kirkcudbright. It was during the winter of the great hunger. Cuthbert was not yet ordained and we stayed at the Church keeping warm. It was easier to warm one building, than all homes in the village. With the remaining food, young Cuthbert started to make a Fish stew and when he was done a few hours later something occured. I, Ealdred, bore witness to this miracle of the endless Fish Stew during a time of Famine. With amazment I saw that no matter how many scoops Cuthbert took from the stew, the level in the large pan never seemed to drop. Days would pass by, and each villager that needed some food could fill his tummy here in the Church. The echoes of these early years, filled with unwavering faith and miraculous encounters, resonate within the hallowed halls of the Benedictine Monastery of Kirkcudbright. May this testimony serve as a beacon, guiding those who seek solace and inspiration through the divine legacy of Cuthbert.
Testimony of Lirion, Former Druid
In the shadowed embrace of the ancient forest, I, Lirion, once stood as a guardian of the old ways. The spirits of the trees whispered secrets to me, and the sacred rituals of the Druids flowed through my veins like an ancient river. Yet, in the midst of this mystic tapestry, I found myself ensnared by a darkness that threatened to consume my very soul. It was in these haunting woods that I encountered a man, a bringer of light named Cuthbert. His eyes held a flame, a divine fire that pierced through the shadows that clung to me. In our exchange of words, his compassion unearthed the turmoil within me, and I, Lirion, realized the insidious presence of the Nameless One that coiled around my being. With unwavering faith, Cuthbert confronted the malevolent force that sought to bind me in chains of despair. The air crackled with sacred verses, and the symbol of the cross became a beacon of hope. As he invoked the divine, the Nameless One recoiled, relinquishing its hold on my soul. In that moment of liberation, I, Lirion, felt the weight of centuries lift from my spirit. The ancient rituals that once bound me now seemed like distant echoes, fading into the background. The forest, once haunted by shadows, now echoed with the hymns of newfound freedom. Cuthbert, the bringer of light, stood as a testament to the transformative power of his faith. His compassion shattered the shackles that bound me, and his divine intervention expelled the darkness that had sought to claim me. As I pen this testimony, I, Lirion, bear witness to the triumph of Faith over the Nameless One, and I embrace a new path bathed in the radiant glow of the cross.
Testimony of Bishop Aidan
In reflecting upon the intricate tapestry of our shared history, I find myself compelled to express my sentiments regarding Cuthbert—an individual whose path often diverged from the conventional, leaving me contemplative, if not slightly intrigued. Cuthbert, hailing from the modest surroundings of Kirkcudbright, exhibited an insatiable curiosity that led him to the distant realms of Rome for an education that, to some, may have seemed extravagant. His return brought with it an unbridled enthusiasm for spreading the Aristotelian faith amongst the Picts and Druids—a noble endeavor, albeit one that I, with a more pragmatic disposition, regarded with a discerning eye.
His purported miracles, whether calming storms or multiplying provisions, have left me, Bishop Aidan, with a certain intellectual curiosity. As one who has spent a lifetime navigating the delicate intricacies of the ecclesiastical realm, I found myself pondering the subtleties of such overt displays of divine intervention. Yet, in my contemplation, I cannot deny the profound impact Cuthbert has had on the local community. The once-skeptical Picts and Druids now ardently embrace the true Faith, attributing their conversion to the miracles and teachings of this unassuming monk. The Benedictine Monastery at Kirkcudbright, where Cuthbert held sway as Prior, has evolved into a pilgrimage site, drawing the faithful from both near and far. In my musings, I must acknowledge that perhaps there is an enigmatic wisdom to Cuthbert's approach. Despite any reservations, he leaves behind a legacy that extends beyond traditional ecclesiastical norms—a legacy that navigates uncharted territories of spiritual zeal.
May the divine grant me continued discernment as we traverse this era of Cuthbert's nuanced influence, a chapter that undoubtedly adds a layer of complexity to the annals of our shared ecclesiastical history.
Cuthbert's Prayer Against the Nameless One
The prayer that Cuthbert employed during the liberation from the influense of the Nameless One, echoed through the ancient forest with profound spiritual resonance. It was a prayer known for its potency against malevolent forces, drawing from the rich traditions of Aristotelian Church. The exact wording may vary, but it could have been a prayer akin to the following:
"O Lord, in Your boundless mercy and sovereign might,
I beseech You to cast away the shadows that cling to this tormented soul.
Let the radiance of Your divine light pierce through the darkness,
dispelling the malevolent forces that seek to bind and possess.
In the name of Christos, the Redeemer,
and by the power vested in this wooden staff,
I command the Nameless One to release its grip on this servant of Yours.
May the sacred words of this prayer resonate with the celestial realm,
and may the heavenly hosts stand guard against all that is unholy.
By the fasting of my earthly vessel and the strength of my unwavering faith,
I consecrate this sacred prayer.
Let Your divine protection envelop us,
O Lord, as we stand against the Nameless One and its Demons.
Grant us victory over the malevolent,
that Your light may shine eternally in the hearts of those who seek refuge in Your name.
Amen."
Written by Cinead of Twynholm, May 10th 1472
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Kalixtus
Cardinal
Inscrit le: 24 Fév 2013
Messages: 13713
Localisation: Roma, Palazzo Doria-Pamphilj
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| Posté le: Mar Oct 08, 2024 1:51 pm Sujet du message: |
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Hagiography of Saint Dominic of Burgos
Saint Dominic, (born in Burgos, on March 24th 1170) (death in Rome, on November 15th 1223), Protector of the Order of conventual and itinerant Dominican Monks.
Childhood of Dominic
Alfredo Manguz was respected by everyone in Burgos. His work in the fields and his dedication to hard work were admirable. It is said that he never sought help from anyone for his crops and to provide for his family, not from the church, the City Hall, or any local nobleman. In truth, the land he owned had been a constant struggle, and through steadfastness and tenacity, he managed to earn enough money to consider having an heir.
The long-awaited child was born prematurely while his father was in the fields. The surprise gave way to joy and festivities that took place on March 24 in the year of grace 1170. The father looked at his son and confidently named him Dominic in memory of his uncle who died in a battle against the Moors in North Africa during the expansion wars of the Kingdom of Castile.
The peasant wanted to remind his bloodline of the folly of leaving one's own home and land to pursue other dreams. This was the only teaching he felt truly compelled to give. He left the other practices to his wife, Angélica, who applied herself to it with her love, and Dominic quickly learned his alphabet and the rules of calculation. Very pious, she introduced him to the Most High and Aristotelian values. While others sang nursery rhymes to put him to sleep, Angelica would lull him with prayers.
But the true teaching of faith was imparted by Francisco d'Izan, a distant cousin and deacon in Burgos, who prepared Dominic for baptism. During his catechesis, Dominic showed talent and great interest in theology. As soon as he was old enough to read and write in Latin, he immersed himself with a devouring passion in the Books of Virtues.
The son of Providence no longer seemed destined for the harvest but rather for the religious cause. Dominic was noticed by the local Curate for his temperament and commitment. He was only ten years old when the Bishop took an interest in this prodigy and offered him protection. His father did not agree with this path, and Dominic decided not to go against his father's wishes.
In any case, Dominic was still young, and he decided to behave well. His work was impeccable, and his father thought he had finally obtained the reward for his efforts. This brief period in the Saint's life was not without interest, although it represented only a brief moment compared to the other events in his story. The time in the fields engaged Dominic for a whole year. This period was fruitful for him. Like fruits ripen, it was during this time that the idea of the cycle of seasons, renewal, and death took on great significance in the child's mind. Grateful, he would never cease to thank the Most High during the Eucharistic celebrations for what He bestows upon man in virtue of his commitment.
As time went by, he drifted further from the path desired by his father. He could perceive the power of God in the creation of all things. In his eyes, there was no doubt that man was but a gear, a necessary part of the established order, but more than anything else, inspired by the Most High.
Dominic's life changed during the winter of 1181, as it did for many parishioners in Burgos. The events that followed would take Dominic away from his family for a long time. During the winter, a time of rest, everything seemed to slow down. Dominic loved to hear life through the fresh wind, and he adored admiring the enchantment of snow-covered fields... On one of these days, Deacon Francisco sent a letter to the Manguz family.
| Letter to Manguz family a écrit: | Burgos, January 20th, Anno Domini 1181,
To the attention of the Manguz family, Dear friends,
For a long time, your Dominic has been under our benevolent gaze, and we remain watchful of his development. We understand the meaning behind his silent smile. We comprehend the reason for his finesse. We know the cause of his obedience. And we acknowledge, in him, the deep hand of Providence. We are aware that he is meant for a different purpose than working in the fields. We believe he is predestined for a great future in the service of Our Lord and our Holy Church.
Through this letter, we express our desire for you to entrust him to us, so we can further his knowledge and education. We commit to providing him with the material and spiritual sustenance he will require and to make him a shining "star."
May peace be upon you...
His Eminence Alberto Vescovo Mendoza.
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His Formative Years
Among all the Benedictine schools in Spain, the one in Valencia was the most suitable for teaching theological studies, not to mention other fields such as philosophy, sciences, techniques, history, and politics. This was owed to the erudition of some French scholars.
This school was dedicated to educating the youth from all over the territory, driven by a sense of charity and a desire to foster the development of minds. Dominic was presented as a gifted student. He preferred a German teacher, not only for his gentle pedagogy but also for his religious ideas. His Latin name was Moine Commentius. Over the following seven years, this professor taught the future Saint how to analyze texts effectively, recall them to memory, absorb and digest them, all while subjecting them to criticism.
It was also during this time that he became acquainted with Fidelius Mendoza, belonging to the same family as the bishop who had taken him under his protective wing. Despite their differences, they became friends. Fidelius, aged twelve, was mischievous and a stranger to manual labor. But their differences and contradictions eventually became prominent. Two different views of nobility divided them. One regarded the nobility of the soul, while the other believed only in the nobility of coats of arms. During this period, Dominic started dressing in simple clothing devoid of any ostentatious effects, which, in his eyes, symbolized wisdom and truth. When Fidelius saw the respect others had for his friend, he finally understood the importance of Dominic's ideas. From then on, Fidelius taught Dominic how to deal with the wealthy, while Dominic taught him how to treat the poor. At the end of their studies, the Most High separated them, but never did it divert them from one another.
At the age of 18, Dominic left the School of Valencia and was named a Doctor for his splendid and immense erudition. Upon leaving, he said these words:
"No faith is possible without reason or without the heart... but reason should never act without the heart, and the heart should never act without reason."
His Youth
Dominic is recognized by all the faithful for his compassion, even from a young age. It is said that in 1191, during a famine, he parted with his belongings to feed the poor. As an adult, he chose the path of the Church and became a deacon. He showed skill in the art of diplomacy, oratory, and understanding of the human soul. On the day he was ordained by Mendoza, now a Cardinal, a group of crows flew across the sky, followed by a flock of doves. The people gave different interpretations to this strange phenomenon. Some believed that Dominic was there to dispel misfortune on Earth, while others thought he was there to combat evil through Faith and peace. But all saw it as a prophecy.
After his ordination, he embarked on a long journey to the Northern Lands, accompanying Cardinal Mendoza. The son of the King of Castile was to marry the Princess of Denmark, and Dominic was to bless them. While Cardinal Mendoza soon returned to his homeland, Dominic obtained permission to stay. He wanted to bring some preaching to the people he had been led to by the Most High. From 1193 to 1198, he put in great efforts to establish the Danish Church, teaching the agricultural techniques he had learned since childhood. His efforts were rewarded with many conversions. To those who would listen, he said, "Gather yourselves from above, as the net gathers the fish, and you will be nourished spiritually." Dominic had become well-established among the local communities and was highly respected. Many believed he would stay permanently. But that was not the case when he received sad news from his father, Alfredo. He was informed of Alfredo's ailing health and was granted the right to return to his family for possible last rites. The Mayor of Copenhagen provided him with the finest horse, and the entire city expressed deep sorrow and sadness.
When he arrived in Burgos, he hardly recognized anyone. Despite his long beard and furrowed wrinkles, his mother managed to recognize him and warmly welcomed him home. He went to his father's bedside. Francisco d'Izan recounts the last words Dominic left to his dying parent:
"My father, it is said that even the hardest rock yields to the rain and the eternal sun that strikes us. Great has been your faith in your calloused hands and in the work of the Earth. Now is the time for you to change... Now you turn your faith to Heaven, and forever you shall be saved. Farewell, you have been a good man, and I have learned much from you."
Dominic fully grasps the nature of life and death. When he spoke those words, his brother, Alfonso Jr. Manguz, was in the fields. The two observed each other from a distance, and it was in these circumstances that they knew each other and bid farewell.
Maturity
Despite the pleasure of returning to his homeland, our Monk was always aware of belonging elsewhere and having much to do for the Lord's Vineyard. He kept fond memories of Burgos but never returned. He resumed his journey with the aim of rejoining his community in Denmark. On the way, at the request of the Sovereign Pontiff, he had to stop in southern France to extinguish pagan fires. What was supposed to be a brief passage actually lasted ten years of his life and cost him a great deal. The Bishop of the area appointed him preacher of the Kingdom. He believed that a Priest should dedicate his life to spreading the Aristotelian creed and combating heresies by punishing those who did not observe Canon Law. Dominic's actions were so effective that he took on the role of Missus Inquisitionis. As such, he was summoned to Rome in the autumn of 1211 to assess the situation and present his thoughts and work. Dominic quickly stood out. The Pope esteemed him for his great knowledge of the sacred Aristotelian testimonies and his deep spiritual fervor. He also caught attention for his idea of creating a religious order that would include two types of paths:
- A traveling one for those who desired to go into the vast world for the conversion of infidels and to aid the poor.
- A conventual one for those eager to contribute to the cultural growth of their Diocese by teaching in Universities, directing seminaries, etc.
Dominic's speech before the Holy See is kept in the secret archives of Rome.
After the council, Dominic was able to return to Denmark to spend his final days there. Upon his arrival, he realized that everyone remembered him, and his reputation was almost legendary. A square with a bust had even been dedicated to him. The surrounding fields were lush, and never before had he witnessed such an abundance of fish in the nearby rivers flowing into the sea. A small community of men and women had formed, dedicated to preserving the memory and spreading the teachings of the Most High. This regular Church thrived over the years and spent its time glorifying the Most High. Dominic's certainties grew stronger, and he saw the community growing with pride, especially the youth becoming enthusiastic and passionate about faith. The idea of creating a well-defined Order, inspired by the life he had been taught, germinated in his mind, and he took his pen to write to the Pontiff.
| Letter to the Pontiff a écrit: | "Copenhagen, October 15th, in the year of grace 1218
Your Holiness,
It is clear that the designs of the Most High concerning us are not as easily readable as one would wish. However, with experience and age, they certainly become more present and intelligible to us. The signs He gives us appear to us as evident.
I am grateful to Him for what my eyes have seen and for the life I have led. Now I consider everything that has happened to me as Providence, His will. I intend to fulfil what I perceive as my final mission. I am writing to you to validate our intellectual approach as well as our Castle of Rhetoric. Therefore, I ask you to consider my Brothers and officially endorse the RULE we have created through our prayers. I am enclosing my testament that governs our life today, hoping that you will give it your approval.
Your devoted son,
Father Dominic."
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The response was not immediate, but his life in Copenhagen continued in respect of faith and devotion. Meanwhile, Dominic's health had begun to deteriorate. To those who visited him, he would often say, "These are the ways in which the Most High calls us to Him... suffering tests us, but one day we will be in absolute joy."
When he received news from the Pope, Dominic was bedridden with a fever. It was neither agreement nor disagreement; rather, it was an invitation to come to Rome for a discussion. With difficulty, Dominic prepared for his final mission, aware that he might never see his friends again and uncertain if he would reach his destination. To them, he said, "What does the expression on these faces mean? Do you perhaps have any objections to the designs of the Most High? Pray, my Brothers, because if you are faithful, one day we will all meet again by Christ's side."
His Death
Dominic reached Rome in a journey that lasted nearly two years. He sensed that his death was imminent. Each stop was extremely painful but necessary to gather the little strength needed to continue. However, no one could doubt his strength and determination to complete this journey.
On March 10th, in the Year of the Lord 1222, Dominic, exhausted, passed through the gates of Rome. Later, he was received by the Pope. He spent his final moments detailing his project to the Doctors of the Church, who were to approve it. However, on November 15th, 1223, he passed away on his deathbed. The physicians decided to burn his body to prevent the spread of disease. But something happened: Dominic's body did not burn. His heart was taken as a relic and was successively kept in Trieste, the seat of the first Monastery dedicated to his name.
The story of Dominic and his final days, the commitment he put into his mission, continued to be talked about. The Pontiff who had welcomed him remained in office for 15 years. His successor, who had heard of this Dominic from all over the world due to his numerous miracles, canonized him and recognized him as a saint, Doctor of the Aristotelian Church, and Martyr on November 15th, 1240, the day of his commemoration of death.
His Doctrine
– Prayer:
"It is fundamental in the life of every Aristotelian to pray." With these words, he encouraged the faithful he encountered on his path to pray, certain of the fundamental importance of prayer in every person's life. He taught them to pray to the Lord and His Prophets, not only in times of need but also, and especially, to thank Him for His holy gifts.
– Conversion:
"Every man, especially if he has dedicated his life to our Lord, must spread His Word, for faith is not a treasure to hoard greedily but to propagate and offer to all so that they may rejoice and be saved in the Glory of our Most High." Dominic, entrusted by the Pontiff with the task of converting pagans, encouraged his "brothers of faith" to collaborate in spreading the Aristotelian Creed.
– Penance:
"It is necessary, at times, to make the people who lack knowledge understand the true path, and penance is there to help them embark on the righteous path towards salvation and redemption." With these words, Dominic, who had just been appointed Missus Inquisitionis, explains the motivations and necessity of spreading the Faith through the Holy Aristotelian Church.
– The Church:
"Alas, unfortunately, there is no kingdom, duchy, principality, or government in the world that can attain perfection. I am grateful to our Most High for the gift He has given us, inspiring the creation of a structure such as the Holy Aristotelian Church, which can declare itself incapable of faltering." With these words, Dominic proclaims his total loyalty to the Holy Aristotelian Church.
– Poverty:
"On Earth, nothing remains. Everything that our Lord gives will be taken back one day. He created the world with its creatures and resources for man to benefit from with moderation. Our Lord does not want to see a man hoard possessions that are not necessary to him. In truth, I tell you that those who act in such a manner will draw the wrath of the Most High. I urge you, brothers and sisters, to adhere to the bare essentials. Do not accumulate, for what the Most High gives, the Most High will take away." Convinced that this philosophy is essential to lead a virtuous life, Dominic decides to make these words his own and to spread this message.
His principles
I. I owe my existence to the Most High, my superior, and I must follow the rules of life set forth by our prophets for the eternal salvation of my soul.
II. I owe absolute obedience to our Holy Church and its representatives, who guarantee the continuity of the Apostles' work.
III. Those who have chosen to follow my way of life are my brothers and comrades, children of the Most High and destined for the same mission.
IV. Knowledge derives from the teachings of Aristotle. Study and knowledge must be the foundations of my life. It is a challenging path but the surest way to secure the salvation of my soul.
V. Heresy originates from ignorance. It is my duty to teach our precepts to guide back anyone who has corrupted their soul.
VI. True knowledge can only be acquired through living in sharing, communion, knowledge-sharing, and prayer.
VII. It is my duty to travel to spread the Knowledge of our Faith.
VIII. It is right to follow Aristotle's teachings regarding the fundamental importance of Peace, the essential foundation of our life in Community, guaranteeing harmony and friendship.
IX. Humility, the foundation of all Virtues, must always be present in my life, so I can become an example to those who follow me.
X. Every act of violence is abhorrent to me, and I will never raise a hand against another brother. If someone commits an act of violence, it is not for me to judge, but for the Most High at the end of times.
Saint's Day
Relics
Burnt Heart of the Saint.
Translated at the Villa San Loyats by Cinead of Twynholm, August 11st 1472.
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